Three-dimensional, hydrophilic polymer networks capable of holding large amounts of water. Hydrogels are used in a variety of applications due to their unique properties, such as high water content, flexibility, and biocompatibility, making them suitable for medical devices, drug delivery systems, wound dressings, and tissue engineering. They are particularly beneficial for medical and pharmaceutical industries, as well as for researchers in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.

Preconceived ideas whereby males and females are arbitrarily assigned characteristics and roles determined and limited by their gender. These stereotypes can influence various aspects of life, including career choices, behavior, and social interactions, often perpetuating discrimination and bias. Gender stereotypes affect individuals of all ages and can limit their potential and contribute to inequality.

A naturally occurring compound, Citicoline is essential for the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine, a major component of cell membranes. It is often used as a dietary supplement to support cognitive function, enhance memory, and aid in stroke recovery due to its neuroprotective properties. Citicoline is primarily targeted at individuals seeking to improve brain health and cognitive performance, including those with cognitive impairments or neurodegenerative diseases.

Quantum computing is a type of computation that leverages quantum mechanical phenomena, such as superposition and entanglement, to perform operations on data. It allows for the processing of vast amounts of information simultaneously, offering significant speed advantages for certain types of problems compared to classical computing. Quantum computing is particularly beneficial for fields requiring complex simulations, cryptography, and optimization problems.

The term 'meand' does not appear to be a recognized term in English language dictionaries or encyclopedias. It may be a typographical error, with 'meander' being a possible intended term. 'Meander' refers to a winding or circuitous journey or pathway, often used metaphorically to describe a thought process or narrative that does not follow a direct or linear path.

Clean energy source used in transportation, power generation, and industrial processes. It can be produced from various sources, with the most environmentally friendly method being electrolysis using renewable energy, and hydrogen fuel cells emit only water vapor, making them an attractive option for reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Hydrogen fuel is particularly beneficial for industries and sectors aiming to reduce their carbon footprint and adopt sustainable energy solutions.

A convex lens is a type of optical lens that is thicker at the center than at the edges, causing light rays to converge to a focal point. This lens is commonly used in devices such as magnifying glasses, eyeglasses, cameras, and microscopes to focus light and form images. Convex lenses are particularly beneficial for individuals requiring vision correction or for applications in scientific and photographic equipment.

A water mirror is a form of art that utilizes water to create a flat, reflective surface. This surface acts like a mirror, creating the illusion of a single, immaterial place that amplifies the surrounding elements, enhancing the visual experience. Water mirrors are often used in public spaces and gardens to provide a serene and aesthetically pleasing environment for visitors.

Free, open-source whole genome association analysis toolset designed for large-scale analyses. Plink is used for analyzing genotype/phenotype data, including tasks such as detecting shared segments and testing for correlation between sharing and phenotypic similarity, offering computational efficiency in population-based linkage analyses. It is primarily targeted at geneticists, bioinformaticians, and researchers in genomics seeking robust tools for genetic data analysis.

Seeds of the Dipteryx odorata tree, native to Northern South America, known for their strong, pleasant aroma. Tonka beans are used in culinary and perfumery applications, providing a unique fragrance and flavor profile. They are particularly popular among chefs and perfumers, although their coumarin content has led to regulatory restrictions in some countries.

An electrode from which a conventional current leaves a polarized electrical device, commonly found in batteries and other power-providing devices. In electrochemistry, it is the site of reduction reactions, and in older CRT technology, it emits electrons. The term is relevant to professionals in electronics, chemistry, and vintage display technology.

A steroid hormone primarily produced in the testes in males and in smaller amounts in the ovaries in females. It plays a crucial role in the development of male reproductive tissues, such as the testes and prostate, as well as promoting secondary sexual characteristics like increased muscle and bone mass, and the growth of body hair. Testosterone is essential for health and well-being, and it helps prevent osteoporosis, benefiting both men and women.

Energy storage system that stores gravitational potential energy by lifting a mass to a certain height using a pump, crane, or motor. The stored energy is converted back into electrical energy through a generator when the mass is allowed to fall, making it a potential solution for storing renewable energy like wind or solar power. This technology is particularly beneficial for balancing energy supply and demand in renewable energy systems.

The VCAN gene encodes a protein called versican, which is involved in regulating cell growth and division, cell adhesion, and cell migration. Versican plays a role in angiogenesis, wound healing, inflammation, and preventing the growth of cancerous tumors, making it crucial for various physiological processes. This gene is particularly significant for researchers and medical professionals studying cancer, tissue repair, and inflammatory diseases.

Active immunization involves stimulating the immune system to produce an immune response through the administration of a vaccine. This process helps the body develop immunity to a specific pathogen by exposing it to a killed or weakened form of the pathogen, or a piece of the pathogen, thereby preparing the immune system to fight future infections. Active immunization is particularly beneficial for individuals of all ages, especially those at higher risk of infectious diseases, such as children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals.

Medical test that measures the rate at which red blood cells settle at the bottom of a test tube over a specified period. The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is used to detect inflammation in the body, as higher rates can indicate the presence of inflammatory conditions. This test is commonly utilized by healthcare providers to monitor and diagnose conditions such as infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancers.

Psychological phenomenon where repeated exposure to a word or phrase causes it to temporarily lose its meaning, making it seem like meaningless sounds to the listener. This occurs due to neural fatigue in the brain's representation of the word, leading to a temporary disconnect between the word and its meaning. Semantic satiation is often studied in the context of cognitive psychology and linguistics to understand how the brain processes language and meaning.

Remote sensing method that uses light in the form of a pulsed laser to measure variable distances to the Earth. Lidar generates precise, three-dimensional information about the shape of the Earth and its surface characteristics, making it valuable for applications such as topographic mapping, forestry, urban planning, autonomous vehicles, and archaeology. This technology is beneficial for professionals in fields like environmental science, urban development, and autonomous vehicle engineering.

A romantic relationship involving three people, also known as a triad. This type of relationship can include all three individuals being romantically involved with each other, or one person being romantically involved with two others who may or may not be romantically involved with each other. Throuples can consist of any combination of genders and sexual orientations, and they primarily appeal to individuals interested in polyamory and non-traditional relationship structures.

A hormone and neuropeptide produced in the hypothalamus and released by the pituitary gland, playing a significant role in social bonding, sexual reproduction, childbirth, and post-childbirth periods. It is often referred to as the 'love hormone' due to its role in forming social bonds and trust, and it is crucial for stimulating uterine contractions during labor and milk ejection during breastfeeding. Oxytocin primarily benefits individuals involved in childbirth, breastfeeding, and those seeking emotional regulation and social bonding.

Nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN) is a molecule that acts as a precursor to NAD+, a coenzyme essential for cellular metabolism and energy production. It has garnered interest for its potential to enhance mitochondrial function, boost energy metabolism, and possibly slow the aging process. NMN is primarily targeted at individuals interested in anti-aging therapies and those seeking to improve overall cellular health.

Cold exposure refers to the practice of subjecting the body to cold temperatures through methods such as cold showers, ice baths, or spending time in cold environments. This practice is believed to offer various health benefits, including improved circulation, enhanced immune function, and reduced inflammation, while also posing risks like hypothermia and frostbite. Cold exposure is often utilized by athletes for muscle recovery and by individuals seeking to boost mental resilience and overall well-being.

Ancient grain native to West Africa, known for its small size and quick cooking time. Fonio is highly nutritious, rich in amino acids, iron, and fiber, and is gluten-free, making it suitable for people with gluten sensitivities or celiac disease. It is often used in traditional African dishes and is gaining popularity as a health food in other parts of the world due to its nutritional benefits and versatility in cooking.

Psychological framework that describes the dynamics of long-term interpersonal relationships between humans. Initially developed by John Bowlby and later expanded by Mary Ainsworth, it identifies different attachment styles such as secure, anxious-preoccupied, dismissive-avoidant, and fearful-avoidant, which influence how individuals form and maintain relationships. This theory is particularly relevant for psychologists, social workers, and educators aiming to understand and improve emotional well-being and relationship dynamics.

The Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer (RNFL) is a layer of the retina in the eye. It is crucial for transmitting visual information from the eye to the brain, and its thickness is often measured using Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) to assess and diagnose conditions such as glaucoma. This measurement is particularly important for ophthalmologists and optometrists in monitoring and managing eye health, especially in patients at risk for or diagnosed with glaucoma.

Engineered receptors that graft an arbitrary specificity onto an immune effector cell, typically a T cell. These synthetic receptors are used in immunotherapy, particularly for cancer treatment, by recognizing specific proteins (antigens) on the surface of cancer cells, allowing the immune system to target and destroy these cells more effectively. Chimeric antigen receptors are primarily beneficial for patients undergoing treatment for certain types of blood cancers, such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma.

Internalized homophobia refers to the involuntary belief by non-heterosexual individuals that homophobic stereotypes and myths about them are true. This can lead to negative feelings and behaviors such as self-hatred, low self-esteem, and denial of one's sexual orientation. It primarily affects lesbians, gay men, bisexuals, and other non-heterosexual individuals, often requiring supportive environments and counseling to overcome.

A type of sugar related to glucose, found in several fruits and produced in the body. It is commonly used as a dietary supplement for the prevention and treatment of urinary tract infections (UTIs) by preventing certain bacteria from adhering to the walls of the urinary tract. This supplement is particularly beneficial for individuals prone to recurrent UTIs seeking a natural preventive measure.

Scikit-learn is a widely-used open-source machine learning library for the Python programming language. It offers simple and efficient tools for data mining and data analysis, built on top of NumPy, SciPy, and matplotlib, and includes a variety of algorithms for supervised and unsupervised learning, model selection, and preprocessing. Scikit-learn is particularly valuable for data scientists, machine learning practitioners, and researchers who require robust and accessible tools for developing and evaluating machine learning models.